On April 29, 1974 A Relatively Unknown Freshman Member

On April 29, 1974 a relatively unknown freshman member of the House Judiciary Committee cemented her place in history when she gave a dynamic, honest and edifying speech regarding President Richard Nixon and the illegal and unethical activity surrounding what is now known as â€Å"Watergate†. That woman was Barbara Jordan. After the Watergate scandal broke wide open, the American people had their faith in politicians shaken to the core and trust was at an all-time low. How, then, could the people trust politicians to right the wrong that had been done? What words could be said that would show the people that something good could come from this scandal? Enter Barbara Jordan. A skilled attorney, Jordan became the first African American to be†¦show more content†¦People wanted to see the Constitution upheld and President Nixon be held accountable, they expected new policies that would require transparency and higher ethical standards from elected officials and, not surpr isingly, Barbara Jordan became a shining example of how American politicians can be successful in Washington without compromising the people’s trust. In June of 1972 a break-in at the Watergate Hotel would begin the unraveling of Nixon’s presidency. Burglars were arrested for breaking into the Democratic National Committee headquarters and attempting to wiretap the phones. While it has never been proven that Nixon had prior knowledge of the break-in, his efforts at trying to cover it up, attempted bribes and efforts to impede an FBI investigation sealed his fate with the Judiciary Committee and, eventually, in the court of public opinion. Prior to the Watergate scandal, most of the country’s political dissention was directed at the Vietnam War. And even if people were divided on the issue of the war, at least they felt they weren’t being lied to about it. That all changed with Watergate. At the beginning of the Watergate trials, official polls would show that many people viewed the breach of trust as â€Å"business as usual† in Washington. But, by the end of the summer of 1973, the numbers would swing a way from Nixon’s favor and the American people would be left with a fractured confidence in him and his cohorts. The hearings lasted fromShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesShoot First? 362 12 Leadership 367 What Is Leadership? 368 Trait Theories 369 Behavioral Theories 370 Summary of Trait Theories and Behavioral Theories 372 Contingency Theories 372 The Fiedler Model 373 †¢ Other Contingency Theories 375 Leader–Member Exchange (LMX) Theory 377 Charismatic Leadership and Transformational Leadership 379 Charismatic Leadership 379 †¢ Transformational Leadership 382 Authentic Leadership: Ethics and Trust 386 What Is Authentic Leadership? 386 †¢ Ethics and LeadershipRead MoreBrazil Culture17445 Words   |  70 Pages15 °45†²S 47 °57†²W Largest City Sao Paulo Offical Languages Portuguese Government Federal Republic President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva Vice President Jose Alencar Gomes da Silva Independence From Portugal Declared September 7, 1822 Recognized August 29, 1825 Republic November 15, 1889 Area Total 8.514.877 km square (5th) 3.287.597 sq mile Water (%) 0,65 Population 2005 estimate 187.560.000 (5th) 2000 census 169.799.170 Density 22km sq. (182nd) 57/sq mi. Currency Real ( BRL) Time Zone (UTC-2Read MoreQuality Improvement328284 Words   |  1314 Pagesof Industrial Engineering and Statistics and the Arizona State University Foundation Professor of Engineering. He received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees from Virginia Polytechnic Institute, all in engineering. From 1969 to 1984 he was a faculty member of the School of Industrial Systems Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology; from 1984 to 1988 he was at the University of Washington, where he held the John M. Fluke Distinguished Chair of Manufacturing Engineering, was Professor ofRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesstatistics education, and in 2003 she received the American Statistical Association’s Founder’s Award, recognizing her contributions to K–12 and undergraduate statistics education. She is a Fellow of the American Statistical Association and an elected member of the International Statistics Institute. Roxy has recentl y completed ï ¬ ve years as the Chief Reader for the Advanced Placement Statistics Exam and currently chairs the American Statistical Association’s Joint Committee with the National Council of

A patient comes in with a hot inflamed toe, how does the...

Portfolio Task: Module 1 Effective study skills are the sole foundation of a sound education. Study skills or study strategies are approaches applied to learning. They are generally critical to success in school, considered essential for acquiring good grades, and useful for learning throughout ones life. Study skills are fundamental to academic competence. Effective study skills are associated with positive outcomes across multiple academic content areas and for diverse learners. Study skills improve the competences associated with acquiring recording, organizing, remembering and using information. These skills also contribute to success in both employment and non - academic settings. Studying is often an individual activity†¦show more content†¦Each bronchus then divides again forming the bronchial tubes. The bronchial tubes lead directly into the lungs where they divide into many smaller tubes which connect to tiny sacs called alveoli. The average adults lungs contain about 600 million of these spongy, air-filled sacs that are surrounded by capillaries. The inhale d oxygen passes into the alveoli and then diffuses through the capillaries into the arterial blood. Meanwhile, the waste-rich blood from the veins releases its carbon dioxide into the alveoli. The carbon dioxide follows the same path out of the lungs when you exhale. The diaphragms job is to help pump the carbon dioxide out of the lungs and pull the oxygen into the lungs. The diaphragm is a sheet of muscles that lies across the bottom of the chest cavity. As the diaphragm contracts and relaxes, breathing takes place. When the diaphragm contracts, oxygen is pulled into the lungs. When the diaphragm relaxes, carbon dioxide is pumped out of the lungs. The cardiovascular system is part of the larger circulatory system, which circulates fluids throughout the body. The circulatory system includes both the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system. The cardiovascular system moves blood throughout the body, and the lymphatic system moves lymph, which is a clear fluid that’s similar to the plasma in blood. Blood contains nutrients from the foods you eat and oxygen from the air you breathe. It alsoShow MoreRelatedSocm Study Guide Essay30404 Words   |  122 Pagesway in the body. Define Anatomy and physiology, and describe the various specialties within each discipline Anatomy – the study of internal and external structures and the physical relationship between body parts. Physiology – the study of how living organisms p0erform the vital functions. Microscopic Anatomy – study of structures that can not be seen by the naked eye. Cytology – analyzes the internal structure of individual cells. Histology – the study of tissues Gross Anatomy

Macbeth Appearance Vs Reality Essay Example For Students

Macbeth Appearance Vs Reality Essay In real life, we should not judge people solely on their appearances. There are many people who appear to be trustworthy but in reality, are not. Appearance versus reality is an important theme in William Shakespeares Macbeth. The theme focuses on characters who are deceived by what appears to be real, and on the tragic consequences that follow this error in judgment. These characters include, Duncan, who trusts Macbeth too much; Lady Macbeth, who tricks by the witches and herself; Macbeth trickes by other people in the play. King Duncan trusts Macbeth too much. Macbeth appears as a super hero and faithful to King Duncan. He fights against the traitor Macdonwald, and he helps the king to solve a great problem that is won the war. Duncan trusts Macbeth very much because of Macbeths heroic efforts and he gives Macbeth a title Thane of Cawdor. Actually Macbeth is not that faithful to the king, he has the ambition to be the king when he hears the prophecies from the three witches. After Macbeth back to his castle, he plans to kill Duncan with Lady Macbeth, but Duncan doesnt recognize this and goes to Macbeths castle to visit him. When he just gets in he says something very important:Duncan says, This castle hath a peasant seat; the air/ Nimbly and sweetly reconnends itself/ Unto our gentle senses.; (Act I, Scene 6, Lines 1-3)This quote shows that Duncan like Macbeth very much even he feels that Macbeths place is comfortable for him. Duncan never suspects the trustworthy of Macbeth and never does anything to g uard himself. Macbeth kills Duncan easily. Therefore Duncan has deceived by Macbeths appearance. Lady Macbeth tricks by the three witches. When Macbeth tells Lady Macbeth the prophecies from the three witches. Lady Macbeth thinks that it will be terrific for her to be a queen when Macbeth becomes the king. Lady Macbeth persuades Macbeth to kill king Duncan, and this action causes Macbeth to start his first crime. Lady Macbeth becomes sleeplessness, nervous and she kills herself. The witches appearance lets Lady Macbeth to her death ending. Lady Macbeth also tricks by the appearance of herself. In the beginning she thinks that she should persuade Macbeth to kill Duncan. When Lady Macbeth knows about the prophecies from the witches, She says:Come, you spiritsThat tend on mortal toughts! Unsex me here, And fill me from the crown to the toe top-fullOf direst cuelty; make thick my blood, Stop up the access and passage to remorse,That no compunctious visitings of nationShake my fell purpose, nor keep peace betweenTheffect and it! Come to my womans breasts,And take my milk for gall, yo u murdering ministers, You wait on netures mischief! Come, thick night,And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell, That my keen knife see not the wound it makes,Nor heaven peep through the balanket of the darkTo cry, Hold, hold!; (Act I, Scene 5, Line 37-53)In this quote she is saying that she should give out her weak, does whatever man does and become evil. She thinks that she is manful and strong, but actually she is not, she become sleeplessness and nervous. Therefore Lady Macbeth tricks by the three witches and herself. Macbeth has tricked by the appearances of other people. First Macbeth tricks by the appearance of the three witches. On their way back from the war against Macdonwald, they meet the three witches. The three witches greet Macbeth Thane of Glimis, as Thane of Cawdor, and as the future king of Scotland. The witches also tell them that Banquos next generation will become that king. When Macbeth meets Duncan, Duncan gives him the title Thane of Cawdor. The witches seem to appear to help Macbeth and tell him important prophecies. Macbeth begins to fall into the trap, because of the first prophecy he hears from the three witches has came true. After he goes back to his castle, he plans to kill Duncan with Lady Macbeth, and he kills Duncan. The witches second prophecy has also came true, Macbeth does not recognize that those witches are deceiving him. Macbeth does care about the third prophecies that Banquos next generation will be king very much, he worries that his kingdom will not stay lo ng, and replace by Banquos son. Macbeth orders the Murders to kill Banquo and his son Fleance. Later in the play Macbeth meets the three witches, they tell him the three prophecies. One of the prophecies is be aware of Macduff. Since the witches prophecies have been helpful to Macbeth, he believes the witches, he kills Macduffs innocence family. This action of killing Macduffs family becomes his third major crime. Macbeth listens to the three withches who are appear to be helping him, and this judgment let him in to tragedy. People hate Macbeth because of his crimes, he becomes lonely, he becomes sleeplessness, and he dies, all these negative results are cause by his error in judgment to the witches. Macbeth also tricks by Lady Macbeth his wife. After Macbeth tells her the prophecies from the witches, Lady Macbeth persuades Macbeth to kill the king. Lady Macbeth appears like a good wife and tells Macbeth the true of what he should do. Lady Macbeth persuades Macbeth and says that he should be more manful:That made you break this enterprise to me?When you durst do it, then you were a man;And, to be more than what you were, you wouldBe so much more the man. Nor time nor placeDid then adhere, and yet you would make both:They have made them selves, and that their fitness now Does unmake you. I have given suck, and knowHow tender tis to love the babe that mils me:I would, while it was smiling in my face,Have pluckd my nipple from his boneless gums,And dashd the brains out, had I so sworn as youHave done to this.; (Act I, Scene 7, lines 48-59)In these lines Lady Macbeth shames Macbeths manhood by saying that everything is ready, they have the chance to kill the king, Macbeth should give out weakness like her and if Macbeth is a man he should kill the king. Lady Macbeth seems to telling him the right thing he should do and Macbeth listens to her, and does his major crime that is killing the king. .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 , .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 .postImageUrl , .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 , .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845:hover , .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845:visited , .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845:active { border:0!important; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845:active , .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845 .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u428c025bb519b1f7c1cd1d968e3ac845:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Irony in Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart Things EssayTherefore Macbeth judges people in their appearance and led him into a tragedy. According to the examples of the three characters in the play Macbeth who are deceived by the appearances of other characters, therefore the theme Appearance versus Reality is an important theme in the play. This theme focus on characters having error in judgment with the appearances of other characters, and deceived by other. This error of judgment let them in to tragedies. This theme is also very important to us and other people in our daily life, and I have known some of my relatives and friends who had also tricked by other people. Base on my knowledge from the examples of characters in the play, we should never judge people by their appearances, and I believe that time can clearly show the reality of people.

Slack’s Transformational Process Model Essay Example

Slack’s Transformational Process Model Essay The transformational process model, developed by Nigel Slack, is a framework for understanding how the inputs of a business (raw materials, finances, or man hours) become the outputs of the business. Output criteria such as tangibility, storability, transportability, customer contact, simultaneity and quality vary depending on the business’s main outputs. The implications of the transformational process model vary depending on whether the business is primarily a provider of goods or services. Examining the case of an automobile manufacturer and an advertising agency allows us to compare and contrast the implications of the Slack transformational process model for providers of goods and of services.The Slack transformational process model is also referred to as the input-output model. The input-output model relies on business being seen as an open system, with the following attributes: receiving inputs, converting inputs to outputs and then discharging the outputs into the envi ronment. Businesses are dependent on the environment, in particular the target market for their product. Businesses are also composed of sub-organizations, which undertake their own activities leading to conversion of inputs to outputs. Because businesses are social systems, it is possible to reorganise them into different shapes. However, the manner of organisation of a business makes a difference in the efficiency of a business’s production process. Problems can arise from other factors, as well. For example, a micro-organisation within the business can cause problems by working toward its own goals rather than keeping the goal of the overall business in mind.Slack’s model concentrates on the operations function of a business, tracing the evolution of the business’s product from inputs to output through a number of stages. There are three main outputs considered in Slack’s model: materials, information and customers. Inputs include people, materials, in formation, financing, and creativity.Many businesses have different organisations that focus on the transformation of inputs into one of these outputs. For example, a business’s manufacturing division may be responsible for materials; the technical writing division may be responsible for information regarding the materials; and the sales organization will be responsible for customers. Organizations have both micro-operations and macro-operations. Macro-operations are considered to be those operations directly involved with the production of a good or service, where micro-operations are activities that contribute to the macro-operation. For example, a sales department would be considered a macro-operation because it directly contributes to the transformation of a good or service, where a human resources department would be considered to be a micro-operation because it supports the macro-operations of the company.Businesses may focus on different types of transformed resources, as well. Some businesses offer pure goods, while some offer only services. Most business offerings are a combination of goods and services, with one aspect taking precedence over the other. Different aspects of goods and services include tangibility, storability, transportability, simultaneity, customer contact and quality. These aspects are expressed in different ways and differing amounts, depending on whether the firm’s offering is primarily a good or a service. Tangibility is a basic property of an output. Is it a physical product, or is it a relationship, a work of art or an application of specialised knowledge? A business with a primary product of a good will place high value on storability and transportability. A service business will value customer contact and simultaneity. All organizations will place a value on quality, whether the product is tangible or intangible; however, a tangible product will have an objective measure of quality, which may not be available fo r an intangible product.One example of a business that produces primarily goods is an automobile manufacturing business. The macro-organisations within an automobile manufacturing business include the manufacturing department, which produces materials (in this case, automobiles); the sales department, which produces customers; engineering and design, who provide specifications to which the production should be completed; and the technical writing department, which produces the owner’s manual and other documentation which is provided with the automobile. Microorganisations within the automobile manufacturer may include a customer support department, which supports the sales department’s efforts by helping to retain customers; a human resources department, which handles the acquisition of human resources; raw materials sourcing agents, who acquire the raw materials required for production; training staff, who prepare human resources for the work; company directors, who s et policy and steer the direction of production; financial and accounting staff; information technology staff; and investors, who provide financing money. These microorganisations support the macroorganisations within the business that perform the production work.An automobile manufacturer’s outputs are primarily tangible products: automobiles, with accompany owner’s manuals and sales support. The main inputs in an automobile manufacturing business include raw materials, people, information, finance, and creativity. Raw materials such as steel, plastic, leather and paint are required in order to create the automobile. People are required to run the machinery, perform handwork, create and test automobile designs and perform other manufacturing tests. Information is required in order for the automobile designs to work properly, as well as to focus creative efforts in order to gain the maximum amount of business it is possible to gain. Finance is required because automobi le manufacturing is an industry that is highly dependent on capital; large amounts of permanent infrastructure such as manufacturing plants, machinery and stocks of raw material, as well as a high amount of human labour which must be paid for, are required to operate efficiently. Creativity is required in order to create and market innovative automobile designs that capture the public’s attention; it is necessary for the automobile manufacturer to interact efficiently with its environment or market.The stages of transformation in the materials portion of an automobile manufacturer’s business are likely to include design and procurement, fabrication, assembly, test and distribution. At each of these stages, the initial inputs are used to create an intermediate output in preparation for the next stage. During the design and procurement stage, raw materials are required and some creativity and human resources are transformed into automobile designs and manufacturing proce sses. These designs and processes, as well as the raw materials, become the input for the next stage of manufacturing, that of fabrication. Parts and pieces of an automobile, such as engines, moulded side panels and steering wheels, are prepared for use in the next stage. Assembly takes the pieces fabricated in the previous stage and creates another output, in this case a completed or nearly complete automobile. The testing stage takes the completed automobile and performs quality checking in order to ensure that the quality criteria are met. The tested automobile is then passed to the distribution stage, where it joins with other outputs of the manufacturer, such as information (owner’s manuals and marketing material) and customers (sales department efforts) for final distribution.The main challenges for an automobile manufacturer include transportability, storability, simultaneity and quality. Automobiles are large and heavy, as well as expensive to produce. The manufacture r must be assured of its logistical optimization in order to avoid outputting too many automobiles and creating a storability problem. Automobile manufacturers also need to ensure their ability to transport their vehicles to their customer base. Vehicles can be transported by lorry in some cases, but often must spend part of their journey on rail, cargo boat or a combination of all three methods of transport before reaching their destination. Simultaneity is vital to an automobile manufacturer; in order for the business to achieve economies of scale, it must be able to produce a large number of outputs at the same time or in quick succession. Quality is measured by comprehensive, objective testing which ensures that each output is up to standards set by the manufacturer and demanded by the business’s environment (both its customers and the regulatory or government rules).Transportability and storability of raw materials is also a concern, because automobile raw materials are often bulky and can sometimes be difficult to source, being subject to their own market pressures which may divert or halt supply of a given material. An entire microorganisation may exist within an automobile manufacturer for supply-chain management and logistics. One way in which American and Japanese automobile manufacturers have attempted to solve transportability and storability problems on both the input and output side of the transformation model is by using just-in-time (JIT) production methods. In the JIT model, suppliers provide raw materials and components to the manufacturer on an as-needed basis, often varying supply daily in order to avoid storing an excess inventory of raw material. In turn, the automobile manufacturer provides automobiles to dealerships in the same way, providing only a short-term supply for storage or in some cases only providing cars after completed sales.An advertising agency is a very different business from an automobile manufacturing business. An advertising agency may provide a small amount of goods, including marketing materials, posters and other promotional material. The outputs of an advertising agency may also be used as inputs in creation of tangible output from another firm, as in the case of development of products bearing advertising logos, mascots or symbols. However, their primary business is intangible and service-based. The major inputs in an advertising agency are people, knowledge and creativity. The major outputs are information and customers.An advertising agency also reacts to its environment differently from an automobile manufacturer. While an automobile manufacturer does pay attention to customer input and gather market information, the main production process involves the automobile manufacturer producing automobiles, and the customer base purchasing automobiles (or not purchasing automobiles, if the manufacturer has not responded appropriately to the information provided). An advertising agency doe s not produce work for public purchase; rather, it produces work on a bespoke basis, with each client driving the creative process and determining what services should be provided by the agency. Because of this, simultaneity is not as important to the advertising agency as it is to the automobile manufacturer; an advertising agency’s outputs are unique, and the agency may produce no more than a few outputs at once, depending on the size of the agency – no economies of scale are possible, so the number of possible outputs are directly related to the amount of input.The advertising agency’s main macroorganisations are its sales department and its creative staff (depending on the size and nature of the agency, this may be divided into several sub-organisations including graphic artists, copywriters and video production specialists as well as other creative workers). Its microorganisations are human resources, directors, and finance departments. Unlike the automobil e manufacturer, the advertising agency does not have a high number of microorganisations devoted to support of logistics or supply chain management, as it has no need for these functions. While the advertising agency has high requirements for the criteria of quality and customer contact, it has almost no requirements for transportability, storability or simultaneity because it does not provide a tangible product that requires these criteria.The stages of transformation an advertising agency’s product goes through are client solicitation, information gathering and the creative process, delivery of the product and account management. Where the automobile manufacturer’s primary output was tangible, and was supported by intangible products from the marketing and sales macroorganisations, the advertising agency’s primary output is almost entirely intangible, with only minor support from a macroorganisation which provides a tangible product (marketing brochures, promo tional materials and so on).Like the automobile manufacturer, each stage in the transformation of an advertising agency’s input provides an intermediate output for use as the next stage’s output. The first stage, that of client solicitation, requires human resources (the account managers) and information of the market and the customers. There may also be an element of creativity in this stage, as the account manager proposes details and new ideas for the new account.The output from the client solicitation stage (finances, information and creativity) is used in the next stage, which is information gathering and the creation of the advertising material required by the contract. This stage makes a far greater use of information and creativity than the previous stage. Information about what the client requires must be joined to knowledge about legal matters such as copyright information, understanding of the client’s market to be able to judge whether the intended i mpact of the proposed campaign is realistic, information about design principles and the given medium the client desires work in (for example, graphic arts, advertising campaign design, commercial production or other techniques required for the client’s requirements). Creativity is required as well, in order to ensure that the impact of the campaign is what was required. While the automobile manufacturer must meet its customer’s requirements for a vehicle, the advertising agency’s job is more complicated; grabbing the attention and imagination of not only current customers, but potential customers, requires attention to detail, knowledge of psychology and cultural trends and artistic creativity. This is the stage at which one of the main outputs of the advertising agency, information, is complete.The output of the creative process is passed to the next stage, that of client delivery. This stage of transformation is closely tied to the next stage, that of custome r retention, both of which are involved with the second major output of the advertising agency, customers. The account manager who completed the first stage, of client solicitation, is likely to be involved in these stages as well. The quality of the information output (the advertising campaign) is judged during this stage of transformation – does the client like it? Does the public like it? Is the client going to come back to the advertising agency for their next campaign or a continuation of this one? These subjective measures of quality are unlike the automobile manufacturer’s objective tests and specifications, as they are completely dependent on the client’s requirements and tastes, as well as the demographic the advertising campaign is to be directed at.Slack’s transformation process model is expressed differently, depending on whether the business’s primary output is a good or a service. For a business that primarily focuses on goods deliver y or tangible output, transportability and storability are key; if the business is one that benefits from economies of scale, a high degree of simultaneity is also desirable. A business which focuses primarily on a service or intangible output depends heavily on customer contact and quality. Quality, while important for both goods and services output, is defined differently for each type of business. A tangible output can be objectively checked for quality using standard measurements and tests to determine its compliance with use requirements and regulations. An intangible output’s quality is determined by the value derived by the customer rather than quantitative measurements or regulatory factors. In both cases, however, Slack’s transformation process model can be used as a framework for understanding how a business takes raw inputs such as human resources, financial resources, information, raw materials and creativity and produces materials, information and customer s.